Sodium Citrate
A naturally derived ingredient used to adjust the pH of cosmetic formulations, enhance stability, and improve the effectiveness of preservatives.
Sodium Citrate is a sodium salt of citric acid, widely used in cosmetic and personal care formulations for its ability to regulate pH levels. It is commonly used to neutralize formulations containing acids like alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs), bringing the pH into a more skin-friendly range (typically between 4.0 and 7.0).
Aside from its role in pH adjustment, Sodium Citrate also acts as a chelating agent, binding to metal ions in formulations and helping to stabilize preservatives, preventing degradation. This makes it an essential ingredient in many skincare, haircare, and body care products.
Sodium Citrate is considered gentle and non-irritating, making it suitable for use in a wide range of formulations, including those intended for sensitive skin.
FEATURES
- pH Adjuster – helps to neutralize acids and bring the pH of formulations into a skin-friendly range.
- Stabilizes preservatives – enhances the effectiveness of preservatives by binding metal ions that could otherwise degrade them.
- Chelating agent – helps bind metal ions that can destabilize formulations, improving overall product stability.
- Gentle on skin – non-irritating, making it suitable for sensitive skin products.
- Versatile – works well in both aqueous and emulsified formulations.
BEST FOR
- pH-balanced skincare products
- Acidic formulations like AHAs and BHAs
- Preservative systems
- Shampoos and conditioners
- Facial cleansers
- Body lotions and creams
FORMULATION GUIDELINES
| INCI | Sodium Citrate |
|---|---|
| Type | pH Adjuster, Chelating Agent |
| Solubility | Water soluble |
| Use Rate | 0.1–1.0% typical, depending on the target pH and formulation type. |
| Best Phase | Water phase or during cool-down phase for emulsions |
| pH Compatibility | Works in formulations with a pH of 4.0–7.0, ideal for neutralizing acidic formulas. |
| Temperature Tolerance | Stable at typical formulation temperatures. Ideal for adding at the end of processing or cool-down to preserve efficacy. |
| Pro Tip | If your product contains active ingredients like AHAs, BHAs, or other exfoliants, use Sodium Citrate to ensure the pH is within a safe and effective range (typically between 4.0 and 5.5). It’s a great way to stabilize formulations without altering the texture. |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Stability Notes | Stable in a wide range of formulations. Ensure proper dissolution in the water phase to prevent clumping. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and direct sunlight in a tightly sealed container. |
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