Triethanolamine (TEA)
A pH balancer and emulsifier used in cosmetic formulations to adjust acidity, stabilize emulsions, and enhance the texture of products.
Triethanolamine (TEA) is a multifunctional ingredient commonly used in cosmetic formulations as a pH adjuster, emulsifier, and surfactant. It is a colorless, viscous liquid that works by adjusting the pH of formulations, making it essential for creating stable emulsions in creams, lotions, and gels.
TEA helps to neutralize acids in formulations and ensures the proper pH for skin compatibility, typically in the range of 4.5–7.0. It also acts as an emulsifier when combined with fatty acids and helps enhance the texture of personal care products, making them smooth and easy to apply.
TEA is often used in cleansers, lotions, shaving creams, and hair care products to improve the overall product feel and stability. However, it should be used with caution, as prolonged exposure or high concentrations can cause irritation to sensitive skin.
FEATURES
- pH adjuster – helps balance the pH of formulations for better skin compatibility.
- Emulsifier – assists in the formation of stable emulsions for creams and lotions.
- Surfactant – contributes to cleansing and foaming properties in products.
- Texture enhancer – improves the feel of formulations, creating smooth, spreadable products.
- Skin compatibility – typically used in concentrations of 0.5–3.0% for safe skin application.
BEST FOR
- Facial cleansers
- Shaving creams
- Lotions and body creams
- Hair care products
- Makeup removers
- Shampoos and conditioners
FORMULATION GUIDELINES
| INCI | Triethanolamine |
|---|---|
| Type | pH adjuster, emulsifier, surfactant |
| Solubility | Water-soluble |
| Use Rate | 0.5–3.0% typical, depending on the desired effect and the formulation. |
| Best Phase | Water phase (for pH adjustment) or during emulsification. |
| pH Compatibility | Works best in a pH range of 4.5–7.0 for skin compatibility. |
| Temperature Tolerance | Stable in normal processing conditions, but avoid high heat to prevent degradation. |
| Pro Tip | When using Triethanolamine as a pH adjuster, always check the pH after adding and adjust as needed. It can also be combined with other emulsifiers for creamier, more stable emulsions. Use it sparingly in high concentrations as excessive amounts can cause skin irritation. |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid |
| Stability Notes | Stable when used within the recommended pH range. Perform stability tests to ensure no texture changes or separation in emulsions. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and excessive heat. |
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